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摘 要
发动机冷却系统是发动机的重要组成部分，对发动机的动力性，经济性和可靠性都有很大的影响，散热器和冷却风扇作为冷却系统的关键部分是设计的重点。
本文主要通过自己所学的专业知识，运用传热学、换热器原理、内燃机原理、泵与风机以及机械设计等知识，以车用康明斯柴油发动机的冷却系统为设计对象，进行发动机冷却系统的设计计算。首先对发动机冷却系统的工作情况作整体介绍，包括散热器、风扇与电机、连接水管与水泵等进行工作分析；接着根据发动机已知的参数，计算得出散热器的散热量为55.8kJ/s，冷却水循环量为0.00133，冷却空气循环量为2.11。根据计算出的散热量确定散热器的尺寸为，该散热器选用管带式散热器。通过冷却空气循环量，计算出风扇的结构参数及性能参数，选择轴流式风扇作为水冷系统的冷却风扇。在完成上述工作的基础上，对散热器和冷却风扇进行匹配与校核，以达到最优组合。通过冷却水循环量，确定水泵工作性能的主要参数，选择离心式水泵。最后是对发动机冷却系统各部件进行安装布置，并进行系统优化。
在保证发动机足够散热能力和强度前提下，高效率低能耗已经成为未来发展的必然趋势。在整个毕业设计的过程中对发动机冷却系统有了进一步的了解，达到了对发动机冷却系统设计方法学习的目的。
关键字：发动机冷却系统，散热器，冷却风扇
The engine cooling system is an important part of the engine. It have great influence on the engine performance, efficiency and reliability, the radiator and cooling fan, as a key part of the cooling system is the focal point of design.
This paper through my own professional knowledge, using Heat Transfer, Heat Exchanger Theory, Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, Pumps and Fans, and Mechanical Design Expertise.Select Cummins automotive diesel engine cooling system for design objects.Firstly, the engine cooling system work as a whole description, including the radiator, fan and motor, and connecting water pipes and pumps and other job analysis;Then according to the known engine parameters, calculate radiator heat capacity is 55.8kJ/s, volume of cooling water is 0.00133, cooling air circulation rate is 2.11, by radiator heat capacity determine the size of the radiator is , Choose the tube-and-fin radiator. Through the cooling air circulation rate, Calculated structural parameters and performance parameters of the fan , and Select the axial fan as the cooling system fan. On the basis of the above work completed, on the radiator and cooling fan for matching and checking, in order to achieve the best optimum combination. Through the volume of cooling water, Determine the working performance of the main parameters of the pump and select the centrifugal pump. Finally ，installed and arrange the engine cooling system components, and making the system optimization.
In order to ensure adequate cooling capacity and strength of the engine, low energy consumption and high efficiency premise has become an inevitable trend in the development of the future. Throughout the graduation design process of the engine cooling system for better understanding, reach the purpose of the learning.
Key word : Engine cooling system , Radiator , cooling fan