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摘要
本文提出了一种以MCS—51系列单片机8051为主要控制芯片，辅之以其他功能芯片对太阳能热水器进行控制的设计方案，使太阳能热水器使用起来更加方便、安全。
本设计采用的是8051单片机，其内部ROM容量为256B，对于本设计，无须外部扩展存储器。除了8051，本设计还用到一些重要的外部功能器件，如采用AD转换器0809来实现温度和水位信号的模数转换，还有可编程输入输出接口8255来实现键盘和显示器接口。键盘由四个按键来设置水温或水位，用六位LED显示器分别显示水温和水位。本设计充分利用8051单片机系统的三总线控制，即数据总线、地址总线、控制总线的设计方式，为应用系统功能的实现奠定了基础。通过对8051单片机的外部功能扩展使系统具有自动上水与保温的功能，还能自动驱动加热及上水装置来满足系统的设置，使用起来安全可靠。此外，设计方案中还考虑了一些抗干扰措施，例如采用光电隔离器4N25使输入输出有效隔离，采用硬件去抖动措施解决按键抖动的问题等等。
本文阐述了此应用系统的工作原理，并给出部分硬件及软件框图。
关键字： 单片机，温度控制，水位控制
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a kind of design about controlling solar energy water-heater with 8051 and other external facility, making solar energy water-heater more conveni- ency.
What this design adopt is 8051, with four thousand units of internal RAM capacity and two hundred and fifty-six units of internal ROM capacity which include the special function register. For this design, it has no necessary to expand external memorizer. Besides 8051,this design still uses some important external interface facility. For example, I adopt conversion 0809 to realize the transform of water temperature and water level. Furthermore, I control the key-set and display with programmable interface 8255. The design makes use of the three-bus-mastering namely total line of data, total line of address and total line of control adequately. So it is easy to realize the function of system. In addition, this design includes some correlative measure of the antiinterferen-ce. For example, I adopt light electricity of partition 4N25 to insulate input signal and output signal. I still make use of hardware to solve the problem o-f keys dithering and so on.
This paper have expounded the principle of the application system and offered p- artial hardware diagram and software diagram.
KEY WORDS： signal-chip processor, temperature-control, water lever-control